FSB by law, can conduct the intelligence operations abroad, outside Russia as the follow-up to its counterintelligence operations inside Russia, from the times of Operation Trust Yes, Russian law grants the Federal Security Service (FSB) the explicit authority to conduct intelligence and counterintelligence operations abroad. While the FSB is primarily Russia’s domestic security agency, its legal mandate has been progressively expanded since the 1990s to authorize foreign operations—often framed as direct extensions of its domestic counterintelligence, counterterrorism, and border security missions. [1, 2] This operational continuity mirrors the historical precedent of Operation Trust (1921–

FSB by law, can conduct the intelligence operations abroad, outside Russia as the follow-up to its counterintelligence operations inside Russia, from the times of Operation Trust
Yes, Russian law grants the Federal Security Service (FSB) the explicit authority to conduct intelligence and counterintelligence operations abroad. While the FSB is primarily Russia’s domestic security agency, its legal mandate has been progressively expanded since the 1990s to authorize foreign operations—often framed as direct extensions of its domestic counterintelligence, counterterrorism, and border security missions. [1, 2]
This operational continuity mirrors the historical precedent of Operation Trust (1921–1926), a famous Bolshevik counterintelligence deception scheme that seamlessly blurred domestic security with aggressive covert operations across European borders.
Legal and Operational Mandate
While foreign intelligence is technically the primary domain of the Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR), the FSB’s legal architecture allows it to operate globally through several mechanisms:

Expanded Legal Framework: Under changes initiated in 1995 and heavily expanded in 2003 and 2006, Russian federal law empowers the Federal Security Service (FSB) to conduct foreign operations. The 2006 anti-terrorism laws specifically authorized the FSB to eliminate “terrorists” and enemies of the state outside Russian borders. [1, 2]
The “Fifth Service”: Formally known as the Service for Operational Information and International Relations, this branch handles the FSB’s external footprint. It focuses heavily on espionage, political subversion, and influence campaigns, particularly within former Soviet states (the “Near Abroad”), but stretching globally. [1]
Counterintelligence Continuity: If a domestic investigation—such as tracking political dissidents, cyber threat actors, or suspected foreign assets—leads outside Russia, the FSB maintains the legal jurisdiction to pursue those operations abroad. This eliminates structural barriers between domestic tracking and foreign execution. [1]

Historical Lineage: The Legacy of Operation Trust
The operational philosophy governing the modern FSB dates back to the early Soviet era. Operation Trust (Operatsiya Trest) was a massive counterintelligence operation run by the Cheka (the KGB and FSB’s predecessor) in the 1920s.

[Domestic Counterintelligence] ➔ [Infiltration of Dissidents] ➔ [External Operational Expansion]
          (Cheka / FSB)               (Fake Anti-Bolshevik Front)          (Global Assassinations & Espionage)
The Deception: The Cheka created a fake anti-Bolshevik underground organization inside Soviet Russia to attract genuine counter-revolutionaries and foreign spies.

The Expansion: Once established domestically, the Cheka extended the operation abroad, using the fake network to entrap European intelligence services and lure anti-Soviet emigrés back across the border to their executions.
The Modern Parallel: The FSB employs the exact same structural mindset. It views domestic security and foreign subversion as a single, uninterrupted theater of operations. Modern actions—ranging from cyber warfare to high-profile targeted assassinations of expatriate dissidents and defectors—are legally and strategically treated as the natural follow-up to domestic security imperatives. [1, 2]
[1]  congress.gov

[2]  britannica.com
– Google Search  google.com/search?q=FSB+by+l…

— Michael Novakhov (@mikenov) Sep 16, 2026